Bipolar A Mental Illness - 1692 Words

One of my closest friends during my undergraduate career has a mental illness called bipolar. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, bipolar is defined as a chronic mental illness that causes a range of different shifts in mood, energy, activity occurrence, and the ability to function and carry out the day to day tasks (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). Bipolar disorder is also known as a manic depressive illness due to the shifts in mood. People with bipolar often experience lows and highs. Research substantiates that there is no clear cause for bipolar, but there are many factors that contribute to the likelihood of a person developing bipolar. People with bipolar often experience mood episodes. Furthermore,†¦show more content†¦Bipolar disorder affects nearly 5.7 million adults each year, which is about 2.6% of the United States population (Doheny, 2015). Bipolar tends to occur in people during adolescence and early adulthood. There are fou r different types of bipolar disorder. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, the four different types of bipolar are bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, bipolar disorder not otherwise specified, and lastly cyclothymic disorder (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). The DSM-5 goes in detail describing each of the different types of bipolar disorders. The recurrence of bipolar can lead to substance abuse, bad job performance, poor school performance, attempted suicide, family and relationship problems, as well as subsyndromal symptoms between the varies episodes that tend to occur (Lam, 2010). There are a severity of problems that people with bipolar can face, but bipolar is treatable. Bipolar is often stabilized by medication (Lam, 2010). Interview with Mrs. Y (My friend name would be kept confidential) Being diagnosed was very scary. My parents and I didn t know what was going on with me, and when I was first diagnosed my parents sought out specialist after specialist to make sure they ruled every other possibility out before they accepted I had bipolar disorder. I was diagnosed with bipolar at the age of 16. It wasn t until I was 18 that I finally got the healthcare I needed. Before I was diagnosed I didn t think

Biography of Bernardo OHiggins, Liberator of Chile

Bernardo OHiggins (August 20, 1778–October 24, 1842) was a Chilean landowner, general, president, and one of the leaders of its struggle for independence. Although he had no formal military training, OHiggins took charge of the ragged rebel army and fought the Spanish from 1810 to 1818, when Chile achieved its independence. Today, he is revered as the liberator of Chile and the father of the nation. Fast Facts: Bernardo O'Higgins Known For:  Leader during Chiles struggle for independence, general, presidentBorn:  August 20, 1778 in Chillà ¡n, ChileParents: Ambrosio OHiggins and Isabel RiquelmeDied:  October 24, 1842 in Lima, PeruEducation: San Carlos College, Peru, Catholic school in EnglandNotable Quote: Lads! Live with honor, or die with glory! He who is brave, follow me! Early Life Bernardo was the illegitimate child of Ambrosio OHiggins, a Spanish officer born in Ireland who immigrated to South America and rose through the ranks of the Spanish bureaucracy, eventually reaching the high post of Viceroy of Peru. His mother Isabel Riquelme was the daughter of a prominent local, and he was raised with her family. Bernardo only met his father once (and at that time he did not know who he was) and spent most of his early life with his mother and traveling. As a young man, he went to England, where he lived on a small allowance that his father sent him. While there, Bernardo was tutored by legendary Venezuelan Revolutionary Francisco de Miranda. Return to Chile Ambrosio formally recognized his son in 1801 on his deathbed, and Bernardo suddenly found himself the owner of a prosperous estate in Chile. He returned to Chile and took possession of his inheritance, and for a few years he lived quietly in obscurity. He was appointed to the governing body as the representative of his region. Bernardo might well have lived his life as a farmer and local politician if it were not for the great tide of independence that was building in South America. OHiggins and Independence OHiggins was an important supporter of the September 18 movement in Chile, which began the nations struggle for independence. When it became apparent that the actions of Chile would lead to war, he raised two cavalry regiments and an infantry militia, mostly recruited from families who worked his lands. As he had no training, he learned how to use weapons from veteran soldiers. Juan Martà ­nez de Rozas was president and OHiggins supported him, but Rozas was accused of corruption and criticized for sending valuable troops and resources to Argentina to help the independence movement there. In July 1811, Rozas stepped down and was replaced by a moderate junta. OHiggins and Carrera The junta was soon overthrown by Josà © Miguel Carrera, a charismatic young Chilean aristocrat who had distinguished himself in the Spanish army in Europe before deciding to join the rebel cause. OHiggins and Carrera would have a tempestuous, complicated relationship for the duration of the struggle. Carrera was more dashing, outspoken, and charismatic, while OHiggins was more circumspect, brave, and pragmatic. During the early years of the struggle, OHiggins was generally subordinate to Carrera  and dutifully followed his orders as best he could. This power dynamic would not last, however. The Siege of Chillà ¡n After a series of skirmishes and small battles against the Spanish and royalist forces from 1811–1813, OHiggins, Carrera, and other rebel generals chased the royalist army into the city of Chillà ¡n. They laid siege to the city in July of 1813, in the middle of the harsh Chilean winter. The siege was a disaster for the rebels. The patriots could not completely dislodge the royalists. When they did manage to take part of the town, the rebel forces engaged in raping and looting, which caused the province to sympathize with the royalist side. Many of Carreras soldiers, suffering in the cold without food, deserted. Carrera was forced to lift the siege on August 10, admitting that he could not take the city. Meanwhile, OHiggins had distinguished himself as a cavalry commander. Appointed Commander Not long after Chillà ¡n, Carrera, OHiggins, and their men were ambushed at a site called El Roble. Carrera fled the battlefield, but OHiggins remained despite a bullet wound in his leg. OHiggins turned the tide of the battle and emerged a national hero. The ruling junta in Santiago had seen enough of Carrera after his fiasco at Chillà ¡n and his cowardice at El Roble and made OHiggins commander of the army. OHiggins, always modest, argued against the move, saying that a change of high command was a bad idea, but the junta had decided: OHiggins would lead the army. The Battle of Rancagua OHiggins and his generals battled Spanish and royalist forces throughout Chile for another year before the next decisive engagement. In September 1814, Spanish General Mariano Osorio was moving a large force of royalists into position to take Santiago and end the rebellion. The rebels decided to make a stand outside the town of Rancagua, on the way to the capital. The Spanish crossed the river and drove off a rebel force under Luà ­s Carrera (brother of Josà © Miguel). Another Carrera brother, Juan Josà ©, was trapped in the city. OHiggins bravely moved his men into the city to reinforce Juan Josà © in spite of the approaching army, which far outnumbered the rebels in the city. Although OHiggins and the rebels fought very bravely, the result was predictable. The massive royalist force eventually  drove the rebels out of the city. The defeat could have been avoided had Luà ­s Carreras army returned, but it did not—under orders from Josà © Miguel. The devastating loss at Rancagua meant that Santiago would have to be abandoned: There was no way to keep the Spanish army out of the Chilean capital. Exile OHiggins and thousands of other Chilean rebels made the weary trek into Argentina and exile. He was joined by the Carrera brothers, who immediately began jockeying for position in the exile camp. Argentinas independence leader,  Josà © de San Martà ­n, supported OHiggins, and the Carrera brothers were arrested. San Martà ­n began working with Chilean patriots to organize the liberation of Chile. Meanwhile, the victorious Spanish in Chile were punishing the civilian population for their support of the rebellion. Their harsh brutality only caused the people of Chile to long for independence. When OHiggins returned, the general population was ready. Return to Chile San Martà ­n believed that all of the lands to the south would be vulnerable as long as Peru remained a royalist stronghold. Therefore, he raised an army. His plan was to cross the Andes, liberate Chile, and then march on Peru. OHiggins was his choice as the man to lead Chiles liberation. No other Chilean commanded the respect that OHiggins did (with the possible exception of the Carrera brothers, whom San Martà ­n did not trust). On January 12, 1817, a formidable rebel army of some 5,000 soldiers set out from Mendoza to cross the mighty Andes. Like  Simà ³n Bolà ­vars epic 1819 crossing of the Andes, this expedition was very harsh. San Martà ­n and OHiggins lost some men in the crossing, although their sound planning meant that most soldiers survived. A clever ruse had sent the Spanish scrambling to defend the wrong passes and the army arrived in Chile unopposed. The Army of the Andes, as it was called, defeated the royalists at the  Battle of Chacabuco  on February 12, 1817, clearing the path to Santiago. When San Martà ­n defeated the Spanish last-gasp attack at the  Battle of Maipu  on April 5, 1818, the rebel victory was complete. By September 1818, most Spanish and royalist forces had retreated to try to defend Peru, the last Spanish stronghold on the continent. End of the Carreras San Martà ­n turned his attention to Peru, leaving OHiggins in charge of Chile as a virtual dictator. At first, he had no serious opposition: Juan Josà © and Luis Carrera had been captured attempting to infiltrate the rebel army. They were executed in Mendoza. Josà © Miguel, OHiggins greatest enemy, spent the years from 1817 to 1821 in southern Argentina with a small army, raiding towns in the name of gathering funds and weapons for liberation. He was finally executed after being captured, ending the long-standing and bitter OHiggins-Carrera feud. OHiggins the Dictator OHiggins, left in power by San Martà ­n, proved to be an authoritarian ruler. He hand-picked a Senate and the 1822 Constitution allowed representatives to be elected to a toothless legislative body.  OHiggins was a de facto dictator. He believed that Chile needed a strong leader to implement change and control simmering royalist sentiment. OHiggins was a liberal who promoted education and equality and curtailed the privileges of the wealthy. He abolished all noble titles, even though there were few in Chile. He changed the tax code and did much to encourage commerce, including the completion of the Maipo Canal. Leading citizens who had repeatedly supported the royalist cause saw their lands taken away if they had left Chile and they were heavily taxed if they remained. The Bishop of Santiago, the royalist-leaning Santiago Rodrà ­guez Zorrilla, was exiled to Mendoza. OHiggins further alienated the church by allowing Protestantism into the new nation and by reserving the right to meddle in church appointments. He made many improvements to the military, establishing different branches of service, including a Navy to be led by the Scotsman Lord Thomas Cochrane. Under OHiggins, Chile remained active in the liberation of South America, often sending reinforcements and supplies to San Martà ­n and  Simon Bolà ­var, then fighting in Peru. Downfall OHiggins support began to erode quickly. He had angered the elite by taking away their noble titles and, in some cases, their lands. He then alienated the commercial class by continuing to contribute to expensive wars in Peru. His finance minister Josà © Antonio Rodrà ­guez Aldea was revealed to be corrupt, using the office for personal gain. By 1822, hostility to OHiggins had reached a crucial point. The opposition to OHiggins gravitated towards General Ramà ³n  Freile as a leader, himself a hero of the Independence wars, if not a hero of OHiggins stature. OHiggins attempted to placate his foes with a new constitution, but it was too little, too late. Seeing that cities were prepared to rise against him in arms, OHiggins agreed to step down on January 28, 1823. He remembered only too well the costly feuding between himself and the Carreras and how a lack of unity had almost cost Chile its independence. He went out in dramatic fashion, baring his chest to the assembled politicians and leaders who had turned against him and inviting them to take their bloody revenge. Instead, all present cheered for him and escorted him to his home. Exile General Josà © Marà ­a de la Cruz claimed that OHiggins peaceful departure from power avoided a good deal of bloodshed and said, OHiggins was greater in those hours than he had been in the most glorious days of his life. Intending to go into exile in Ireland, OHiggins made a stop in Peru, where he was warmly welcomed and given a large estate. OHiggins had always been a somewhat simple man and a reluctant general, hero, and president, and he happily settled into his life as a landowner. He met Bolà ­var and offered his services, but when he was offered only a ceremonial position, he returned home. Final Years and Death During his final years, OHiggins acted as an unofficial ambassador from Chile to Peru, although he never did return to Chile. He meddled in the politics of both countries, and he was on the verge of being unwelcome in Peru when he was invited back to Chile in 1842. He did not make it home, as he died of heart trouble while en route on October 24, 1842. Legacy Bernardo OHiggins was an unlikely hero. He was a bastard for most of his early life, unrecognized by his father, who was a devout supporter of the king. Bernardo was ingenious and dignified, not particularly ambitious nor an especially dazzling general or strategist. He was in many ways as unlike Simà ³n Bolivar as it is possible to be: Bolà ­var had much more in common with the dashing, confident Josà © Miguel Carrera. Nevertheless, OHiggins had many positive qualities that were not always apparent. He was brave, honest, forgiving, and dedicated to the cause of liberty. He did not back down from fights, even those he could not win. During the wars of liberation, he was often open to compromise when more stubborn leaders like Carrera were not. This prevented unnecessary bloodshed among rebel forces, even if it did mean repeatedly allowing the hot-headed Carrera back into power. Like many heroes, most of OHiggins failings have been forgotten and his successes are exaggerated and celebrated in Chile. He is revered as the Liberator of his country. His remains lie in a monument called The Altar of the Fatherland. A city is named after him, as well as several Chilean navy ships, countless streets, and a military base. Even his time as dictator of Chile, for which he has been criticized for clinging too tightly to power, is viewed by many historians as more beneficial than not. He was a strong personality when his nation needed guidance, yet by most accounts, he did not overly repress the people or use his power for personal gain. Many of his liberal policies, seen as radical at the time, are respected today. Sources Concha Cruz, Alejandor and Maltà ©s Cortà ©s, Julio.  Historia de Chile.  Bibliogrà ¡fica Internacional, 2008.Harvey, Robert.  Liberators: Latin Americas Struggle for Independence. The Overlook Press, 2000.Lynch, John.  The Spanish American Revolutions 1808–1826. W. W. Norton Company, 1986.Scheina, Robert L.  Latin Americas Wars, Volume 1: The Age of the Caudillo 1791–1899. Brasseys Inc., 2003.Concha Cruz, Alejandor and Maltà ©s Cortà ©s, Julio.  Historia de Chile  Santiago: Bibliogrà ¡fica Internacional, 2008.Harvey, Robert.  Liberators: Latin Americas Struggle for Independence.The Overlook Press, 2000.Lynch, John.  The Spanish American Revolutions 1808-1826. W. W. Norton Company, 1986.Scheina, Robert L.  Latin Americas Wars, Volume 1: The Age of the Caudillo 1791-1899. Brasseys Inc., 2003.

Food Deserts Essay - 1839 Words

Hundreds of thousands of Chicagoans live in what’s known as a food desert. A food desert is in an area of focus that is short on access to fresh meat and produce. These areas are usually over populated with packaged and processed foods, which are not always healthy. They also have a significant amount junk that you can easily find in convenience stores and fast food restaurants. What exactly qualifies a neighborhood to be part of a food desert? Food deserts usually have a bunch of blocks without a corner grocery store. In a more severe case an entire neighborhood, or a whole bunch of neighborhoods do not have a mainstream grocery store. A mainstream grocery stored would be a grocery store like a Jewel, a Whole Foods, or an Aldi, where†¦show more content†¦In a lower income neighborhood such as Pullman, where there are not many grocery stores. These neighborhoods lack all kinds of resources that they need to be able to access these grocery stores, such as, money and transportation. â€Å"Theres nothing here in the community for us to shop at, (Schorsch, 2009) said Saiesha Anderson, 28, who suggests that city officials transform the vacant lots and boarded up shops in Pullman into groceries stocked with fresh foods. Rev. James Meeks called Pullman a food desert because, the closest store with fresh produce is a Jewel that is located at 11730 S. Mars hfield Ave., which would be a few miles from some families homes depending on where their homes are located. In our neighborhood, the only thing you can buy is something greasy in a bag, (Schorsch, 2009) said Rev. Meeks. Meeks wants the Chicago aldermen and Chicago’s union leaders to allow Walmart to build a store on the South Side, home to some of the citys poorest communities. According to the book â€Å" The Meaning of Sociology†, â€Å"Having high rank means that one can influence the economic and political order r more regularly than can those who hold low rank or lives in poverty.† (Charon, Vigilant, 67) A neighborhood with wealthier income would be able access the resources that they need daily for food, versus a family of lower income who does not have the money to have access to the saneShow MoreRelatedFood Of A Food Desert1745 Words   |  7 PagesBarrera Geography Matthew Piscelli November 19, 2014 Food Deserts One huge problem that the United States faces today are the large numbers of food deserts. A food desert, according to the United States department of Agriculture, is a neighborhood that has a difficult time getting quality and affordable food to their home. This means that people are not properly being fed and getting the nutrition needed for a healthy diet. 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Subjects that these articles examine are con sumer demand, healthful food pricing, business opportunity costs, effects of low income, heterogeneity and homogeneity of food choices, and the effectsRead MoreThe Social Determinants Of Food Deserts And Food Insecurity Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesThe Social Determinants of Food Deserts and Food Insecurity Diverse groups in American society are often the most marginalized and therefore the most vulnerable to issues that undermine the fair and uncomplicated pursuit of health and wellbeing. One of those issues is the lack of access to affordable healthy food and, in many cases, the inaccessibility to food in general. Areas where affordable and healthy foods are largely unavailable are called food deserts and the members of the diverse groupsRead MoreFood Deserts in Chicago1741 Words   |  7 Pagesto produce healthy foods. The increasing amount of food deserts and lack of family income contributes to African-American obesity rates, and lack of healthy choices. Ironically, these food desserts reside in communities plagued by poverty. These income restrictions also add to the problems that are part of being in a food desert. Literature Review Mari Gallagher(2006). Examining the Impact of Food Deserts on Public Health in Chicago Food deserts are places where healthy foods are not produced norRead MoreFood Deserts And Their Affect On African Americans Essay1253 Words   |  6 PagesFood Deserts and Their Affect on African Americans For centuries, the United States has been seen as a food and food-product paradise; with a constant bombardment of daily specials, â€Å"two-for-one† deals, and never ending combo options oozing from every corner of the food-scape. For many Americans, over indulgence is a frequent occurrence-studies show more than 50% of adults say they eat out at least once a week (â€Å"58% Eat at A Restaurant†, 2013). Even in this scene of gluttony, the poverty strickenRead MorePersuasive Essay On Food Deserts774 Words   |  4 Pagesgeneration calls â€Å"breakfast† instead of â€Å"snacks†. Even if they are having a snack, people here would probably choose chocolate instead of fruit. Why? Because there are food deserts EVERYWHERE in America. Specifically, in Georgia, nearly two million people live in one. And to be more specific, the metro Atlanta area has more food deserts than any other city in Georgia. But the excuse that they have for eating what they eat is pl ain out a terrible excuse: â€Å"they can not help the fact that they are notRead MoreThe Effects Of Liquidating Food Deserts On The United States Essay2062 Words   |  9 Pages Liquidating Food Deserts Many areas in the United States contain an abundance of neighborhoods that function with little to no healthy food sources nearby because of the large number of people in poverty. With the fleeing number of locally owned grocery stores and convenient fast food restaurants sprouting in urban and rural areas, residents do not have an adequate quantity of fruits and vegetables readily available. The City of Baltimore defines a food desert as â€Å"an area where the distance to aRead MoreEssay on Low Income Families Living in Food Deserts1326 Words   |  6 PagesMany of the people living in food deserts are people with low income. These low-income families often turn to the junk food provided at the convenience stores and fast food restaurants because it is all they can afford. Socio-economic status is a defining characteristic of food deserts. Food deserts are most commonly found in areas dominated by minorities and low-income families. Studies show that wealthy areas have about trip le the amount of supermarkets as poor urban areas do. In addition to this

Analysis of super Marketing

Question : Discuss about the super Marketing ? Answer : Introduction Prime Supermarket is prevalent in the Singapore market from very earlier time growing over an area of 10,000 sq ft. It has its existence from since 1991 with having the growth in its strength in each growing day. By making it a successful supermarket, it has maintained by formulating 19 outlets across Singapore for business. It is more prevalent just because the customers are getting much acquainted with the retailing business. Due to the increase in interest of the consumers, there is the increase in the competitiveness in the market. With the result of which there has been the establishment of two supportive trading arms that will help in enhancing the position of the supermarket (Bloom, Draca Van Reenen, 2016). These two parts of the Prime Supermarket facilitates the services as per their concern of the market. In that case, one part of the Prime Supermarket makes the importing of the goods which help in the supply of the perishable products as per the demand of the market. The s econd part of the firm makes its focus upon the lifestyle of the consumers belonging from the countries like China and Southeast Asia (Chesbrough, 2013). This supermarket is established in Singapore to fulfil the expectations of the customers as per their lifestyle. That is the reason the supermarket landed with having a provision for the delivery of good quality of service to the consumers with the formation of the comfortable, friendly shopping environment (Christensen, Anthony Roth, 2013). On the other hand, the Shieng Siong Supermarket in Singapore is one of the third largest chains of the supermarket which is customer centric. That is the reason in the initial condition the has its focus on the wide range of no-frills products due to which it resulted in accepting lower profit margins along with the increase in the sales of products. It also has the specialty to have the employment of the lesser number of staff members that helped in cost saving of the mart (Davenport, 2013). The supermarket also avoids the usage of in-house plastics that makes it pollution free. The organization went through many awards that eventually make it as the third largest retailer company in Singapore. It has been founded by Mr. Lim Hock Chee and two of his brothers. With this success, they acquired the situation of having chain of 37 stores in the market of Singapore. PEST Analysis PEST Analysis of Prime Supermarket Figure 1 The Prime Supermarket is said to be the most renowned retail sector of the Singapore market. Due to this the report includes the description of the pest analysis of the firm including the all the parts like the political, economical, social and technological. As the Prime Supermarket is the earliest retail market in the Singapore market, therefore it helps in providing employment opportunities to many people that are eventually affecting to the political factors of the country. These political factors include the rate of taxes, legislation acts as well as the stability of the country which some way or the other influence on the performance factor of Prime Supermarket (Drucker, 2014). Similarly, the economic factors of the business of this supermarket get affected by the internalization and the diversification of the retail business in Singapore. To enhance the economical values Prime focused towards the increase in the value brands that eventually affects the accessibility of finance within the country. Similarly, the business in the market gets affected by its social factors, as the customers in the market use to demand such product that are influenced by the commonly attitudes and beliefs of the surrounding people (Goldberg, 2013). That is the reason it can be said that the customers in the Singapore market are getting more conscious regarding health that is making them attracted towards the maintenance of healthy food and hygienic conditions. These demands by the customers led to the changes by increasing the supply of organic products in the markets of Singapore. Finally, as the Prime Supermarkets are the earliest retail company in the Singapore market, therefore, the advancements in the technological sector make them more distinct in introducing many new methodologies in attracting the customers and acquiring the market (Huberman Miles, 2013). Along with that the increase in the technology the firm will be able to enhance its long-term objective to have t he ease within the customers that will be proved beneficial in the reduction of labour costs for the company. PEST Analysis for Shieng Siong Supermarket The pest analysis of the Shieng Siong Supermarket is like the above-described pest analysis of the Prime Super market only. It is just because these occurs the analysis of the retail market of Singapore which is very much helpful in identifying the forces that have its impact over the performances of Shieng Siong. As discussed in the above segment the political factors of the Singapore market make its impact with the promotion of free trade within the country. That is the reason it can be said that it has been affected by the globalization process and working towards the companys profit process (Johnston Marshall, 2016). And as per the concern regarding the economic factors, the specialty of the Shieg Siong market is it majorly focuses upon the behaviour of the customer as well as the demand of the customer. The attraction of the customer is the major strategic planning of the Shieng Siong to increase their economic base of the country. Likewise, the social environment includes the attitude and the behavioural aspects of the customers as per the demand of the society. In this manner, the customers get attracted towards the organic food than that of other food material eventually coming to the points that are affected by the effective social factors. At the same time, the technological advancements make the inclusion of the processes that directly affect the operations, supply chain, grocery processing in the supermarket sector. Porter Five Forces Model As the Singapore market is very prevalent with the retail business that is the reason they will be acquainted with the development of the business as per the market scenario. That is the reason both the companies will impose the analysis of the Porters Five Forces Model for the enhancement of their business. For this process, there will have the description of the five major forces or to be said as strengths that affect the competition in the market regarding business (Mowery et al., 2015). Figure 2: Porter Five Force Model Source: (Rice, 2013) These five different forces are such criterion that deals differently with the each and every aspect of the organization as per the market value and the demands of the customers. These five forces are the power of supply of the organizations, buyer power of the organizations, competitive rivalry in between the organizations, the effective threats in between the organization on the market scenario and finally the threat of the new entry of the organization with respect to the market scenario. Therefore both the organizations, Prime Supermarket and the Shieng Siong Supermarket go through the implementation of Porters Five Forces Model to have the perfect match of the market scenario and the solutions to the raised issues (Rice, 2013). Business Canvas Model The business canvas model is such strategic management of the organization that is involved in the development of the new models of existing business firms. That is the reason the business canvas model for both the supermarket organizations are formulated to make a lean start up template including the elements that describe the value proposition of the products of the firm, customers valuation, infrastructures and the details of the finances (Verganti, 2013). Furthermore, it gives the initiation to both retail businesses in Singapore market to align their activities along with the illustration of the potential trade-offs of the market. Ten Types of Innovation Required in Supermarket business in Singapore The formulation of the innovative measures makes the improvement of the retail business as per the Singapore market that helps in the development of the business. These innovations are to be noticed which will enhance the business of the supermarket (Johnston Marshall, 2016). These innovations are network connections, quality of product system, channelling of the supply system, customer engagement within the business, preparation of a perfect business model to enhance the business, formulation of the structure of the company as per the Singapore market, the performances of the product in the organization, the processing of the superior methods, the services of the company towards the customers and finally the representation of the brands in the market to attract the customers (Mowery et al., 2015). Conclusion The paper includes the comparison in between the market environment of Singapore basing upon the retail business in Singapore. After the analysis, it came out that both the organizations are having their sole power in conquering the market of Singapore (Rice, 2013). Also, the report concludes that these two companies involve the implementation of business procedures that enhances their way of business activities as per the market scenario of Singapore. References Ariga, K., Yamauchi, Y., Rydzek, G., Ji, Q., Yonamine, Y., Wu, K.C.W. and Hill, J.P., 2014. Layer-by-layer nanoarchitectonics: invention, innovation, and evolution.Chemistry Letters,43(1), pp.36-68. Bloom, N., Draca, M. and Van Reenen, J., 2016. Trade induced technical change? The impact of Chinese imports on innovation, IT and productivity.The Review of Economic Studies,83(1), pp.87-117. Chesbrough, H., 2013.Open business models: How to thrive in the new innovation landscape. Harvard Business Press. Christensen, C., Anthony, S. and Roth, E.A., 2013.Seeing what's next: Using the theories of innovation to predict industry change. Harvard Business Press. Davenport, T.H., 2013.Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press. Drucker, P., 2014.Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. Goldberg, D.E., 2013.The design of innovation: Lessons from and for competent genetic algorithms(Vol. 7). Springer Science Business Media. Huberman, A.M. and Miles, M.B., 2013.Innovation up close: How school improvement works. Springer Science Business Media. Johnston, M.W. and Marshall, G.W., 2016.Sales force management: Leadership, innovation, technology. Routledge. Mowery, D., Nelson, R., Sampat, B. and Ziedonis, A., 2015.Ivory tower and industrial innovation: University-industry technology transfer before and after the Bayh-Dole Act. Stanford University Press. Rice, A.K., 2013.Productivity and social organization: The Ahmedabad experiment: Technical innovation, work organization and management. Routledge. Verganti, R., 2013.Design driven innovation: changing the rules of competition by radically innovating what things mean. Harvard Business Press.